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1.
Chinese Journal of Oncology ; (12): 39-43, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-969803

ABSTRACT

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers consist of cervical cancer, anal cancer, penile cancer, vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, and head and neck cancer (HNC). Of these, the disease burden of HNC is second only to cervical cancer. HNC mostly originates from malignant lesions of squamous epithelial cells and mainly includes oral cavity cancer, pharyngeal cancer (including nasopharyngeal cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, and hypopharyngeal cancer), and laryngeal cancer. Tobacco use, alcohol abuse, and HPV infection are three primary risk factors. Recently, there is an upward trend of HNC incidence globally, especially in high-income countries. In China, the disease burden and trends of HPV-related HNC are still not clear. A few small sample size and single-center studies suggest a high HPV prevalence and increasing trend in HNC. Methodological differences in HPV testing and regional variabilities still exist among these studies. Among the anatomic sites, oropharyngeal cancer has been shown to be caused by HPV infection, but the association of HPV with other sites is still under debate. In addition, there is a paucity of relevant studies. Here, this review narrates the association between HPV infection and HNC, compares the differences between global and Chinese studies, and then explores the importance of HPV infection in various anatomical sites. The main objective is to highlight the research on HPV-related HNC and promote relevant prevention and treatment programs.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Papillomaviridae , Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/complications , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/complications , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Papillomaviridae
2.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 31(1): e160, ene.-abr. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1126456

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: El fenómeno de las neoplasias primarias múltiples se ha descrito en cabeza y cuello, de forma metacrónica y sincrónica. Caso clínico: Hombre de 54 años, piel negra y procedencia rural con carcinoma escamoso de laringe T3N1M0, etapa III, que en disección de cuello se encontró incidentalmente metástasis ganglionar de carcinoma papilar de tiroides, sin evidencia clínica de lesión tiroidea. Luego se realizó ecografía y gammagrafía de la glándula cuyos resultados no mostraron alteración alguna. Conclusiones: El carcinoma de tiroides es hallado incidentalmente en el espécimen resecado después de cirugía por cáncer de cabeza y cuello en 0,3 - 1,9 por ciento de los pacientes. Por este motivo debe evaluarse bien la glándula tiroides previa cirugía de cabeza y cuello(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: The phenomenon of multiple primary neoplasms has been described in the head and neck in a synchronous and metachronous way. Clinical case: A 54 years old man, black skin and rural origin with a T3N1M0 larynx squamous cell carcinoma, stage III that in a neck dissection was incidentally found a node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma, without clinical evidence of thyroid lesion. This was followed by ultrasound and nuclear scan of the gland, whose results did not show any alteration. Conclusions: The thyroid carcinoma is found incidentally in the resected specimen after surgery by head and neck cancer in 0.3 - 1.9 percent of patients. The thyroid gland must be well assessed after head and neck surgery(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Thyroid Neoplasms/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Neoplasm Metastasis/diagnostic imaging , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods , Laryngectomy/methods
3.
Vaccimonitor (La Habana, Print) ; 29(1)ene.-abr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1094636

ABSTRACT

En Cuba, el cáncer es la segunda causa de muerte con 24.902 defunciones en el 2018; de ellas, 795 fueron por tumores de laringe y 826 por tumores de labio, cavidad bucal y faringe. El anticuerpo monoclonal nimotuzumab (CIMAher®) está registrado como tratamiento combinado con radioterapia o quimioterapia para el cáncer de células escamosas de cabeza y cuello estadios avanzados. Del mismo se conoce su efectividad y perfil de seguridad, no así el impacto económico que acarrearía la incorporación del mismo al Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS) cubano; de forma tal de asignar y reajustar presupuestos en la esfera de medicamentos. Por tanto, se hizo necesario realizar un análisis de impacto presupuestario, con el objetivo de estimar el impacto financiero de la incorporación del nimotuzumab (CIMAher®) al paquete de beneficios del SNS cubano. Se tomaron los datos de prevalencia e incidencia de la enfermedad en los estadios III/IV. Se estableció un escenario actual con la terapia radio/quimioterapia secuencial y una tasa de penetración de 100%. El escenario futuro fue radio/quimioterapia secuencial + nimotuzumab (CIMAher®) con tasa anual de penetración 20, 40, 60, 80 y 100 por ciento. La perspectiva fue desde el SNS y un horizonte temporal de 5 años (2019-2023). El análisis de impacto presupuestal mostró que, desde perspectiva, horizonte y tasa de penetración establecidos, el SNS debe invertir aproximadamente de 10 a 65 millones de pesos cubanos (CUP); cifras menores al presupuesto destinado a salud pública(AU)


In Cuba, cancer is the second cause of death with 24,902 deaths in 2018; 795 were due to laryngeal tumors and 826 due to tumors of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx. The monoclonal antibody nimotuzumab (CIMAher®) is registered as a combined treatment with radiotherapy or chemotherapy for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Its effectiveness and safety profile are known, but not their economic impact into the Cuban National Health System (NHS); in order to allocate and readjust budgets in the field of medicines. Therefore, it was necessary to perform a budget impact analysis in order to estimate the financial impact of the incorporation of nimotuzumab (CIMAher®) into the benefits package of the Cuban NHS. Data on prevalence and incidence of the disease in stages III / IV were taken into account. The current scenario was with the therapy radio/sequential chemotherapy and penetration rate of 100 percent. The future scenario was radio/sequential chemotherapy + nimotuzumab (CIMAher®) and annual penetration rate of 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent. The perspective was from the NHS and a time horizon of five years (2019-2023). The budget impact analysis showed that from an established perspective, horizon and penetration rate, the NHS must invest 10-65 million Cuban pesos (CUP) approximately; lower values than the budget allocated to Public Health(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Reference Drugs , Analysis of the Budgetary Impact of Therapeutic Advances , Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy , Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Cuba
4.
Rev. bras. cancerol ; 66(1)20200129.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1094925

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O câncer de cabeça e pescoço aumentou significativamente na última década. Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço atendidos em um Centro Oncológico de referência no Sul do Brasil no período de janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2018. Método: Estudo de caráter descritivo e retrospectivo realizado no Centro de Pesquisas Oncológicas (Cepon). Resultados: Foram obtidos dados preliminares de 133 pacientes. O gênero masculino foi o mais prevalente (65,4%), com média de idade acima dos 50 anos, baixa escolaridade (40%), baixa renda (77,3%), sendo sua grande maioria tabagistas (72%) e etilistas (58,1%). A região de cavidade oral (26,3%) foi o sítio mais prevalente, a cirurgia mais realizada foi a tireoidectomia total (19,4%) e o estadiamento mais observado foi T2 (30,8%) N2 (41,1%). Foram encontradas complicações pós-radioterapia como a radiodermite (82,7%) e, pós-quimioterapia, náuseas (81%). As fibroses cicatriciais foram mais frequentes após a cirurgia (18,2%), sendo avaliadas no pós-operatório tardio. Conclusão: Caracterizar o perfil dos pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço permite conhecer os diversos acometimentos advindos do tratamento e possibilita, dessa maneira, maior qualidade e direcionamento das ações de reabilitação.


Introduction: Head and neck cancer has increased significantly in the last decade. Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile in patients with head and neck cancer treated at an oncological referral center in Brazil Southern region from january 2013 to december 2018. Method: Descriptive and retrospective study carried out at CEPON (Oncology Research Center). Results: Preliminary data were obtained from 133 patients. Male gender was the most prevalent (65.4%), with mean age above 50 years, low education (40%), low income (77.3%), many of them were smokers (72%) and alcoholics (58.1%). The oral cavity region (26.3%) was the most prevalent site, the most performed surgery was total thyroidectomy (19.4%) and the most observed staging was T2 (30.8%) and N2 (41.1%). Post-radiotherapy and post-chemotherapy complications as radiodermatitis (82.7%) and nausea (81%), respectively, were found. Scarring fibrosis was more frequent after surgery (18.2%) and were evaluated in the late postoperative period. Conclusion: Characterizing the profile of patients with head and neck cancer allows to know the several affections resulting from the treatment to ensure better quality and focus of rehabilitation actions.


Introducción: El cáncer de cabeza y cuello ha aumentado significativamente en la última década. Objetivo: Determinar el perfil epidemiológico en pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello tratados en un centro de referencia en el sur de Brasil desde enero de 2013 hasta diciembre de 2018. Método: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo realizado en el Centro de Investigación Oncológica (Cepon). Resultados: Se obtuvieron datos preliminares de 133 pacientes. El sexo masculino fue el más prevalente (65.4%), con una edad promedio de más de 50 años, baja escolaridad (40%), bajos ingresos (77.3%), la mayoría de ellos fumadores (72%) y alcohólicos. (58.1%). La región de la cavidad oral (26.3%) fue el sitio más prevalente, la cirugía más realizada fue la tiroidectomía total (19.4%) y la estadificación más observada fue T2 (30.8%) y N2 (41.1%). Se encontraron complicaciones posteriores a la radioterapia, como radiodermatitis (82,7%) y después de la quimioterapia, náuseas (81%). La fibrosis cicatricial fue más frecuente después de la cirugía (18,2%) y se evaluó en el postoperatorio tardío. Conclusión: La caracterización del perfil de los pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello nos permite conocer las diversas afecciones que surgen del tratamiento y, por lo tanto, permitir una mayor calidad y dirección de las acciones de rehabilitación.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Therapeutics/adverse effects , Brazil , Retrospective Studies , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy
5.
Rev. argent. cir ; 112(2): 157-164, 2020. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1125796

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: los melanomas en cabeza y cuello (MCC) han sido asociados con factores pronósticos diferentes de aquellos en otras localizaciones. Objetivo: comparar características demográficas, clínicas y resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de pacientes con MCC y pacientes con melanomas en tronco y extremidades (MTE). Material y métodos: se llevó a cabo una revisión retrospectiva de las historias clínicas de pacientes operados por melanoma entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2017. Quince pacientes (22,3%) tuvieron MCC y 52 (77,7%) MTE. Resultados: ambos grupos tuvieron edad similar (63,8 ± 21,1 versus 58,5 ± 16), pero los MCC mostraron una tendencia con predominio masculino (80% versus 61,3%). Los MCC tuvieron menor espesor tumoral que los MTE (2,07 versus 5,5 mm) y mayor porcentaje de melanoma in situ, 5 (33,3%) versus 8 (15,3%), pero requirieron vaciamientos ganglionares más a menudo (33% versus 25%) así como reconstrucción del defecto primario con colgajos locales y miocutáneos. Durante el seguimiento, en el grupo de MCC, dos pacientes desarrollaron recidivas locales que fueron extirpadas, y otros tres desarrollaron metástasis a distancia en pulmón, intestino delgado y abdomen y fallecieron por la enfermedad; en el grupo de MTE un paciente tuvo recidiva local y cinco fallecieron de metástasis sistémicas. El tamaño de la muestra no permitió aplicar pruebas de significación entre las diferencias encontradas. Conclusión: los MCC se presentan en un amplio rango de edad y estadios, y tuvieron algunas diferencias clínicas con el MTE. Los defectos producidos por la extirpación de la lesión primaria requieren procedimientos reconstructivos más complejos la mayoría de las veces y se aconseja un abordaje multidisciplinario.


Background: Head and neck melanomas (HNMs) have been associated with prognostic factors different from those on other locations. Objective: The goal of the present study was to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics and the outcomes of surgical treatment between patients with HNM and those with trunk and extremity melanoma (TEM). Material and methods: The clinical records of patients undergoing surgery for melanoma between October 2014 and April 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Fifteen patients (22.3%) had HNM and 52 (77.7) presented TEM. Results: There were no differences in age between both groups (63.8 ± 21.1 versus 58.5 ± 16), but there was a trend toward higher percentage of men in the HNM group (80% versus 61.3%). Patients with HNM had lower tumor thickness than those with TEM (2.07 versus 5.5 mm), higher incidence of melanoma in situ [5 (33.3%) versus 8 (15.3%)]; lymph node resection was more common (33% versus 25%) as well as reconstruction of the primary defect with local and musculocutaneous flaps. During follow-up, two patients in the HNM group developed local recurrences that were excised and three presented distant metastases in the lung, small bowel and abdomen and finally died due to the disease. In the TEM group, one patient had local recurrence and five died due to systemic metastases. The sample size was not sufficient to assess statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Head and neck melanomas occur in a wide age range and stages and has some clinical differences with TEM. The defects produced after the excision of the primary lesion often require more complex procedures and should be managed with a multidisciplinary approach.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Melanoma/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy , Extremities/pathology , Torso/pathology , Margins of Excision , Melanoma/surgery
6.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 23: e200094, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1126043

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Poor oral hygiene, regular use of mouthwash and absence of visits to the dentist could correspond to potential risk factors for the development of head and neck cancer. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether oral hygiene is associated with the occurrence of oral cavity and head and neck cancer in a Brazilian sample. Method: The variables of oral hygiene condition, such as toothbrushing frequency, dental loss, need and use of prosthesis, and regular visit to the dentist in a case-control study were analyzed in patients from five hospitals in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, paired by gender and age, from the multicenter project Genoma do Câncer de Cabeça e Pescoço (GENCAPO). Results: The most frequent malignancies in the 899 patients included were those of the tongue border (11.41%) and tongue base (10.92%). The multivariable statistical analysis found odds ratio values: Brushing once 0.33 (95%CI 0.25 - 0.44); Brushing twice 0.42 (95%CI 0.35 - 0.52); Flossing always 0.19 (95%CI 0.13 - 0.27); Flossing sometimes 0.19 (95%CI 0.15 - 0.24); Bleeding 2.40 (95%CI 1.40 - 4.09); Prosthesis 1.99 (95%CI 1.54 - 2.56); Visiting the dentist 0.29 (95%CI 0.22 - 0.37); Good hygiene 0.21 (95%CI 0.17 - 0.27); Regular hygiene 0.20 (95%CI 0.15 - 0.25); number of missing teeth (6 or more) 3.30 (95%CI 2.67 - 4.08). Conclusion: These data showed that, in the population studied, indicators of good hygiene such as brushing teeth and flossing were protective factors for mouth and head and neck cancer, while bleeding and many missing teeth were risk factors.


RESUMO: Introdução: Má higiene bucal, uso regular de enxaguante bucal e ausência de visitas ao dentista podem corresponder a potenciais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Objetivo: Determinar se a higiene bucal está associada à ocorrência de câncer em cavidade oral e cabeça e pescoço em uma amostra brasileira. Método: O estudo caso controle analisou variáveis de higiene bucal, como frequência de escovação, perda dentária, necessidade e uso de prótese e visita regular ao dentista em pacientes de cinco hospitais do estado de São Paulo, pareados por sexo e idade, provenientes do projeto multicêntrico Genoma do Câncer de Cabeça e Pescoço (GENCAPO). Resultados: As neoplasias mais frequentes nos 899 pacientes incluídos foram: bordo de língua (11,41%) e base de língua (10,92%). A análise estatística múltipla encontrou os seguintes valores de odds ratio: escovar uma vez 0,33 (IC95% 0,25 - 0,44); escovar duas vezes 0,42 (IC95% 0,35 - 0,52); uso de fio dental sempre 0,19 (IC95% 0,13 - 0,27); uso de fio dental às vezes 0,19 (IC95% 0,15 - 0,24); sangramento 2,40 (IC95% 1,40 - 4,09); prótese 1,99 (IC95% 1,54 - 2,56), visita ao dentista 0,29 (IC95% 0,22 - 0,37); boa higiene 0,21 (IC95% 0,17 - 0,27); higiene regular 0,20 (IC95% 0,15 - 0,25); e número de dentes ausentes (6 ou mais) 3,30 (IC95% 2,67 - 4,08). Conclusões: Esses dados mostraram que, na população estudada, indicadores de boa higiene, como escovar os dentes e uso do fio dental, foram fatores de proteção para o câncer de boca e cabeça e pescoço, enquanto sangramento e muitos dentes ausentes foram fatores de risco.


Subject(s)
Humans , Oral Hygiene/statistics & numerical data , Toothbrushing , Mouth Neoplasms/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Case-Control Studies , Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
7.
RFO UPF ; 24(3): 350-354, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1357662

ABSTRACT

Objective: In this paper, we describe the results of an oral cancer prevention campaign for early detecting and diagnosing oral cancer and potentially malignant disorder. Subjects and method: The population screening was performed in one day in which population was recruited by local mass media communication means. Patients with suspicious lesions were referred for final diagnosis with a specialist in oral medicine and pathology. Results: Of 1.282 patients screened, 104 were referred for specialized care and 94 attended for final diagnosis. Of those, only one (1.06%) patient was diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma and 25 (26.5%) with oral potentially malignant disorders, while the diagnosis rates for benign conditions and normality variations were, respectively, 78.7% and 32.9%. Conclusion: These results suggest low awareness regarding oral cancer within this population, flaws in the knowledge regarding oral cancer by dentists, and the need for improvements in the access to the at-risk population for oral cancer.(AU)


Objetivo: neste artigo, descrevemos os resultados de uma campanha de prevenção do câncer de boca para detectar e diagnosticar precocemente câncer de boca e lesões bucais potencialmente maligniziveis. Sujeitos e método: uma triagem populacional foi realizada em um dia em que a população foi recrutada por meios de comunicação de mídia local. Pacientes com lesões suspeitas foram encaminhados para diagnóstico final com especialista em Estomatologia e Patologia Bucal. Resultados: dos 1.282 pacientes selecionados, 104 foram encaminhados para atendimento especializado e 94 atendidos para diagnóstico final. Desses, apenas um (1,06%) paciente foi diagnosticado com carcinoma espinocelular de boca e 25 (26,5%) com lesões bucais potencialmente maligniziveis, enquanto as taxas de diagnóstico para condições benignas e variações de normalidade foram, respectivamente, 78,7% e 32,9%. Conclusão: esses resultados sugerem baixa conscientização sobre o câncer bucal nessa população, falta conhecimento sobre o câncer bucal por dentistas e a necessidade de melhorias no acesso à população em risco de câncer bucal.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Precancerous Conditions/diagnosis , Precancerous Conditions/epidemiology , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/diagnosis , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/epidemiology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Early Detection of Cancer/methods
8.
Rev. cuba. estomatol ; 55(3): 1-13, jul.-set. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-991067

ABSTRACT

Introdução: o câncer de cabeça e pescoço apresenta alta incidência no Brasil, e requer um estudo constante de sua distribuição, o que motiva a estudá-lo detalhadamente, buscando entender de que forma esse câncer se comporta na população, avaliando sua distribuição temporal no Brasil, além dos seus principais agravos. Objetivo: identificar as localizações anatômicas e classificações histológicas dos cânceres em cabeça e pescoço, registrados no Brasil, entre os anos de 2000 e 2014. Métodos: trata-se de estudo seccional, com abordagem indutiva, técnica de documentação indireta e procedimento estatístico descritivo, a partir da análise de 220.391 dados secundários dos Registros Hospitalares de Câncer, disponíveis pelo Instituto Nacional de Câncer. As variáveis de interesse foram: a localização do tumor primário e tipo histológico. A escolha pela localização do local do tumor primário foi feita de acordo com a Classificação Internacional das Doenças. Resultados: os locais de maior acometimento do câncer em cabeça e pescoço foram: pele da face (44,2 percento); cavidade oral (16,7 percento); glândula tireoide (8,9 percento); laringe (8,8 percento); encéfalo (5,4 percento) e linfonodos localizados na região de cabeça e pescoço (3,8 percento). Os tipos histológicos mais prevalentes foram: carcinoma de células escamosas (38,0 percento); carcinoma basocelular (27,0 percento); carcinoma papilar (3,70 percento); carcinoma basocelular nodular (2,50 percento) e tumor epitelial maligno (2,50 percento). Conclusão: ocarcinoma de células escamosas foi o tipo histológico mais prevalente de câncer em cabeça e pescoço entre os anos de 2000 e 2014, no Brasil, sendo o sítio de maior acometimento a pele da face(AU)


Introducción: el cáncer de cabeza y cuello presenta alta incidencia en Brasil, y requiere un estudio constante de su distribución, lo que motiva a estudiarlo detalladamente, buscando entender de qué forma ese cáncer se presenta en la población, y evaluando su distribución temporal en Brasil , además de sus principales problemas. Objetivo: identificar las localizaciones anatómicas y clasificaciones histológicas de los cánceres en cabeza y cuello, registrados en Brasil, entre los años 2000 y 2014. Métodos: se trata de estudio seccional, con abordaje inductivo, técnica de documentación indirecta y procedimiento estadístico descriptivo, a partir del análisis de 220 391 datos secundarios de los Registros Hospitalarios de Cáncer disponibles por el Instituto Nacional del Cáncer. Las variables de interés fueron: la localización del tumor primario y tipo histológico. La elección por la localización del lugar del tumor primario se realizó de acuerdo con la Clasificación Internacional de las Enfermedades. Resultados: los lugares de mayor afectación del cáncer en cabeza y cuello fueron: piel de la cara (44,2 por ciento); la cavidad bucal (16,7 por ciento); glándula tiroidea (8,9 por ciento); laringe (8,8 por ciento); encéfalo (5,4 por ciento) y ganglios linfáticos localizados en la región de cabeza y cuello (3,8 por ciento). Los tipos histológicos más prevalentes fueron: carcinoma de células escamosas (38,0 por ciento); carcinoma basocelular (27,0 por ciento); carcinoma papilar (3,70 por ciento); carcinoma basocelular nodular (2,50 por ciento) y tumor epitelial maligno (2,50 por ciento). Conclusiones: el carcinoma de células escamosas fue el tipo histológico más prevalente de cáncer en cabeza y cuello entre los años 2000 y 2014, en Brasil, siendo el sitio de mayor afección la piel de la cara(AU)


Introduction: due to its high incidence in Brazil, head and neck cancer requires permanent study of its distribution, which has motivated the conduct of detailed analyses aimed at understanding the way it manifests in the population, its temporal distribution in the country and the main problems it poses. Objective: identify the anatomical locations and histological classifications of head and neck cancers registered in Brazil between the years 2000 and 2014. Methods: an inductive cross-sectional study was conducted with an indirect documentation technique and descriptive statistical processing. The study was based on the analysis of 220 391 secondary data from Cancer Hospital Registries available from the National Cancer Institute. The variables of interest were location of the primary tumor and histological type. Sorting by primary tumor location followed the International Classification of Diseases. Results: the sites most commonly affected by head and neck cancer were facial skin (44.2 percent), oral cavity (16.7 percent), thyroid gland (8.9 percent), larynx (8.8 percent), brain (5.4 percent) and lymph nodes located in the head and neck region (3.8 percent). The most common histological types were squamous-cell carcinoma (38.0 percent), basal-cell carcinoma (27.0 percent), papillary carcinoma (3.70 percent), nodular basal-cell carcinoma (2.50 percent) and malignant epithelial tumor (2.50 percent). Conclusions: squamous-cell carcinoma was the most prevalent histological type of head and neck cancer between the years 2000 and 2014 in Brazil, facial skin being the most commonly affected site(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Classifications/methods , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
9.
Actual. SIDA. infectol ; 26(97 Suplemento 1): 26-40, 20180000. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1355033

ABSTRACT

Los tumores sólidos representan el 90% de las patologías oncohematológicas que se diagnostican en Argentina. Las infecciones son una de las complicaciones más frecuentes, causando una importante morbimortalidad, y en muchos casos retrasan la prosecución de los tratamientos específicos. La incidencia y tipo de infección depende del sitio específico del tumor, los fenómenos post obstructivos, el tipo e intensidad del tratamiento que se administre, las comorbilidades del paciente y la epidemiología local, entre otros factores. En forma constante se van incorporando nuevos tratamientos al arsenal terapéutico, tales como nuevos esquemas de quimioterapia, terapias blanco e inmunoterapia, y el manejo de las complicaciones asociadas a los mismos representa un desafío para el equipo tratante.En esta revisión abordamos la epidemiología, prevención y manejo de las complicaciones infecciosas más frecuentes en los pacientes con tumores de sistema nervioso central y de cabeza y cuello


Solid tumours represent 90 percent of the oncohematologic pathologies diagnosed in Argentina. Infections are one of the most frequent complications causing important morbidity and mortality and delay in prosecution of their specific treatment. The type of infection depends on the specific site of the tumour, the presence of post obstructive phenomena, the treatment administered, comorbidity and local epidemiology, among others. New therapies are being continuously incorporated to the armamentarium of cancer treatment such as new chemotherapies regimes, target therapy and immunotherapy. The management of adverse events and infectious complications associated with them are a challenge for the physician in charge of these patients.The epidemiology, prevention and management of the most frequent infectious complications in patients with tumours of the central nervous system and head and neck are reviewed in this paper


Subject(s)
Humans , Radiotherapy , General Surgery , Central Nervous System Infections/complications , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/prevention & control , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/epidemiology , Drug Therapy , Head and Neck Neoplasms/prevention & control , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Immunotherapy , Infections/complications
10.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 21: e180005, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-958830

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: Objetivo: Estimar a fração de câncer de cabeça e pescoço (CCP) atribuível ao tabaco e ao álcool em cidades das regiões Centro-Oeste, Sudeste E Sul do Brasil. Métodos: Estudo caso-controle com 1.594 casos de CCP e 1.292 controles hospitalares. A associação de CCP com tabaco e álcool foi estimada pela odds ratio e intervalos de confiança de 95% via regressão logística não condicional, ajustada por idade, sexo, escolaridade, consumo de frutas e legumes, consumo de bebidas alcoólicas (para examinar o efeito do tabaco) e tabagismo (para examinar o efeito do álcool). As proporções de CCP atribuíveis ao tabaco e ao álcool foram estimadas pelo cálculo da fração atribuível (FA). Foram realizadas estimativas separadas para Goiânia (Centro-Oeste), Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo (Sudeste) e Pelotas e Porto Alegre (Sul). Resultados: A fração de CCP atribuível ao tabagismo foi discretamente mais elevada em Goiânia (FA = 90%) em comparação às cidades do Sudeste (FA = 87%) e do Sul (FA = 86%). A fração de CCP atribuível ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas apresentou resultados similares e mais altos nas cidades do Sudeste (FA = 78%) e Sul (FA = 77%) em comparação a Goiânia (FA = 62%). Conclusão: As frações de CCP atribuíveis ao tabagismo foram mais expressivas do que para o consumo de álcool. Embora com discretas distinções entre si, as FA para tabaco e álcool observadas nas cidades das três regiões brasileiras foram semelhantes às obtidas em estudos em outras regiões da América Latina, porém, mais altas que em outras partes do mundo.


ABSTRACT: Objectives: To estimate the fraction of head and neck cancer (HNC) attributable to tobacco and alcohol in cities in the Midwest, Southeast and South regions of Brazil. Methods: Case-control study including 1,594 cases of HNC and 1,292 hospital controls. The association of HNC with tobacco and alcohol was estimated by the odds ratio and respective 95% confidence intervals through non-conditional logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, schooling, consumption of fruits and vegetables, alcohol drinking (to examine the tobacco effect), and tobacco smoking (to examine the alcohol effect). The proportions of HNC attributable to tobacco and alcohol were estimated through the attributable fraction (AF) calculation. Separate estimates were made for Goiânia (Midwest), Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (Southeast) and Pelotas and Porto Alegre (South). Results: The HNC fraction attributable to smoking was slightly higher in Goiânia (AF = 90%) than in cities in the Southeast (AF = 87%) and South (AF = 86%). The HNC fraction attributable to the consumption of alcoholic beverages presented similar and higher results in the cities of Southeast (AF = 78%) and South (AF = 77%) than in Goiânia (AF = 62%). Conclusion: The HNC fractions attributable to smoking were more expressive than for alcohol consumption. Although with discrete distinctions between them, the AFs to tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption in HNC observed in the cities of these three Brazilian regions were similar to those obtained in Latin America studies, but they were higher than in other parts in the world.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Smoking/adverse effects , Head and Neck Neoplasms/etiology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Urban Health , Risk Factors , Middle Aged
11.
Medisan ; 21(12)dic. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-894592

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo de 23 pacientes con tumores de cabeza y cuello, atendidos en el Servicio de Oncología Pediátrica del Hospital Infantil Sur Docente Dr Antonio María Béguez César de Santiago de Cuba durante el período 2000-2016. En la casuística predominaron el grupo etario de 10-14 años (39,1 por ciento), el sexo masculino, la localización nasofaríngea (39,1 por ciento), el linfoma no Hodking y el carcinoma papilar como variedades histológicas, el estadio clínico III y el mayor número de pacientes diagnosticados en 2013 y 2014


A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study of 23 patients with head and neck tumors, assisted in the Oncology Pediatric Service of Dr Antonio María Béguez César Southern Teaching Children Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba during 2000-2016. In the case material there was a prevalence of the 10-14 age group (39.1 percent), male sex, nasopharingeal localization (39.1 percen), non Hodking lymphoma and papillary carcinoma as histological varieties, phase III clinical stage and the highest number of patients diagnosed in 2013 and 2014


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Autopsy , Oncology Service, Hospital , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Cancer Care Facilities , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Neoplasm Staging
12.
HU rev ; 43(1): 71-75, ago. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-859309

ABSTRACT

A neoplasia de cabeça e pescoço é o sexto tipo de câncer mais comum no mundo. As neoplasias malignas maxilofaciais, em sua maioria, se iniciam nas células escamosas que revestem as superfícies mucosas da região. O objetivo no presente estudo foi realizar um levantamento epidemiológico sobre neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço em pacientes que se submeteram à radioterapia em um hospital de alta complexidade oncológica da cidade de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais (MG). Foram incluídos na análise prontuários de pacientes, de ambos os sexos, de todas as faixas etárias e etnias, com diagnóstico de neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço e que estiveram sob tratamento de radioterapia no período de janeiro a setembro de 2015, no Hospital ASCOMCER, situado em Juiz de Fora (MG). A idade dos pacientes acometidos com neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço variou de 39 a 88 anos, com idade média de 59,78 (±12,49) anos, e faixa etária de 61 a 70 anos apresentando prevalência das alterações. Em relação ao sexo, observou-se uma maior prevalência das lesões neoplásicas em homens (64,3%) do que em mulheres (35,7%). Em relação ao sitio anatômico primário, a laringe foi o local mais prevalente (17,9%) e o lábio inferior (3,6%), assoalho bucal (3,6%) e glote (3,6%) os menos prevalentes. Observou-se um maior número de pacientes sem comprometimento dos linfonodos regionais (53,6%), do que pacientes com comprometimento (46,4%). Este estudo forneceu o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes portadores de neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço, e que necessitaram de tratamento com radioterapia, no referido hospital. Tal delineamento epidemiológico é fundamental para auxiliar no planejamento de ações de prevenção futuras na cidade de Juiz de Fora.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Neoplasms , Radiotherapy , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology
13.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 14(3): 129-132, jul. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-2123

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil clínico e epidemiológico dos pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço atendidos em um hospital universitário. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo e retrospectivo de todos os casos de câncer de cabeça e pescoço diagnosticados no período de agosto de 2009 a agosto de 2014 no setor de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital Universitário Bettina Ferro de Sousa da Universidade Federal do Pará. Resultados: Dos 81 pacientes selecionados, 88,1% apresentaram carcinoma epidermoide como tipo histológico. A média de idade foi de 60,6 anos e 67% deles se declararam fumantes com tempo médio de 30 anos de tabagismo. Os sintomas mais relatados foram dor local (42%), seguida por disfonia (39%). A localização foi predominantemente laríngea em 35 pacientes (46%), seguida por câncer de boca em 15 (19,7%) pacientes e faringe em 13 (17,1%). Houve predomínio do sexo masculino e idade a partir da quinta década de vida. Conclusão: O tipo histológico predominante de carcinoma epidermoide e a forte associação desses tumores com o tabagismo estiveram de acordo com outros trabalhos sobre o câncer de cabeça e pescoço. A alta incidência de disfonia se deu pela predominância da localização laríngea. Exceto pela predominância de localização laríngea em detrimento das lesões de boca, o presente trabalho se mostra de acordo com os dados da literatura brasileira quanto aos aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos do câncer de cabeça e pescoço.


Objective: To characterize the clinico-epidemiological profile of patients with head and neck cancer treated in a university hospital. Methods: descriptive and retrospective epidemiological study of all cases of head and neck câncer diagnosed in the period of August 2009 to August 2014 in the Otorhinolaryngology department of Hospital Universitário Bettina Ferro de Sousa in Universidade Federal do Pará. Results: Of the 81 patients selected, 88.1% had squamous cell carcinoma as histological type. The mean age was 60.6 years, and 67% of them reported being smokers for an average of 30 years of smoking. The most reported symptoms were local pain (42%), followed by dysphonia (39%). The location was predominantly laryngeal in 35 patients (46%), followed by oral cancer in 15 (19.7%), and pharyngeal in 13 (17.1%) patients. There was a predominance of male gender, and age from the fifth decade of life. Conclusion: The predominant histological type of squamous cell carcinoma and the strong association of these tumors with smoking are consistent with other works on head and neck cancer. The high incidence of dysphonia was due to the prevalence of laryngeal location. This study showed to be in accordance with data from the Brazilian literature regarding the clinical and epidemiological aspects of head and neck cancer, except for the predominance of laryngeal location over mouth lesions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Smoking/adverse effects
14.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-159509

ABSTRACT

Liposarcoma is one of the most common malignant mesenchymal neoplasms, comprising approximately 15% of all soft-tissue sarcomas. First described by “Virchow” in 1857, it has been extensively reported in the literature, although its incidence remains exceedingly rare in the head and neck region with an annual incidence estimated to be 2.5/1 million inhabitants in population-based studies. It is one of the most common malignant mesenchymal neoplasms, comprising approximately 15% of all soft-tissue sarcomas. It is a heterogeneous disease with distinct sub-entities presenting with differential clinical behavior. The purpose of this article is to report an additional case of liposarcoma of the buccal vestibule and to review the literature.


Subject(s)
Female , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Liposarcoma/diagnosis , Liposarcoma/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue/epidemiology , Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue/diagnostic imaging , Review Literature as Topic , Sarcoma/diagnosis , Sarcoma/epidemiology , Sarcoma/diagnostic imaging
15.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 104(3): 226-233, 03/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-742792

ABSTRACT

Background: Stress is associated with cardiovascular diseases. Objective: This study aimed at assessing whether chronic stress induces vascular alterations, and whether these modulations are nitric oxide (NO) and Ca2+ dependent. Methods: Wistar rats, 30 days of age, were separated into 2 groups: control (C) and Stress (St). Chronic stress consisted of immobilization for 1 hour/day, 5 days/week, 15 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was assessed. Vascular studies on aortic rings were performed. Concentration-effect curves were built for noradrenaline, in the presence of L-NAME or prazosin, acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and KCl. In addition, Ca2+ flux was also evaluated. Results: Chronic stress induced hypertension, decreased the vascular response to KCl and to noradrenaline, and increased the vascular response to acetylcholine. L-NAME blunted the difference observed in noradrenaline curves. Furthermore, contractile response to Ca2+ was decreased in the aorta of stressed rats. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the vascular response to chronic stress is an adaptation to its deleterious effects, such as hypertension. In addition, this adaptation is NO- and Ca2+-dependent. These data help to clarify the contribution of stress to cardiovascular abnormalities. However, further studies are necessary to better elucidate the mechanisms involved in the cardiovascular dysfunction associated with stressors. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2014; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0) .


Fundamento: Estresse está associado com complicações cardiovasculares. Objetivos: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar se o estresse crônico induz alterações vasculares, e se essas alterações são dependentes de óxido nítrico (NO) e Ca2+. Métodos: Ratos machos Wistar com 30 dias de idade foram separados em 2 grupos: controle (C) e Estresse (St). Utilizou-se estresse crônico de imobilização por 1 hora/dia, 5 dias/semana, 15 semanas. Pressão arterial sistólica foi avaliada. A função vascular foi avaliada em anéis aórticos. Curvas de concentração-efeito foram realizadas para noradrenalina, na presença de L-NAME ou prazosina, cloreto de potássio (KCl), acetilcolina e nitroprussiato de sódio. Também foi efetuado um estudo para avaliação para fluxo de Ca2+. Resultados: Estresse crônico induziu hipertensão e resposta vascular diminuída para noradrenalina e KCl e aumentada para acetilcolina. A pré-incubação com L-NAME eliminou a diferença para noradrenalina. A resposta contrátil vascular para Ca2+ foi reduzida em animais estressados. Conclusão: Nossos dados sugerem que a resposta vascular ao estresse crônico seria uma adaptação aos efeitos deletérios do estresse, incluindo a hipertensão. Além disso, esses mecanismos adaptativos dependem de liberação de NO e fluxo de Ca2+. Esses resultados ajudam a esclarecer os mecanismos envolvidos nas alterações cardiovasculares associadas ao estresse. Entretanto, mais estudos são necessários para a melhor compreensão desses mecanismos. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology , Diagnostic Imaging , Head and Neck Neoplasms/etiology , Incidence , Mouth Diseases/complications , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/etiology , Papillomaviridae , Predictive Value of Tests , Risk Factors , Tobacco Use Disorder/complications , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
16.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 26(1): 13-18, 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-788844

ABSTRACT

Oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and human papillomavirus (VPH) is proposed as an etiologic risk factor. In our country there is no prevalence studies of this virus either in oral or oropharyngeal mucosa. This data would be useful at the moment of evaluating the risk in general population of developing head and neck cancer VPH related and also the impact that it could have the proved effective vaccines against VPH...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Alphapapillomavirus , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/virology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/virology
17.
Niger. j. clin. pract. (Online) ; 18(2): 231-235, 2015.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1267137

ABSTRACT

Background: Cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract constitute a diverse heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms with unique epidemiological; pathological; and treatment considerations. Only few studies have been conducted so far on these tumors in Nigeria. This study aims to study in greater detail; the pathological features of these cancers in Nigerian patients. Materials and Methods: The surgical specimens of patients diagnosed with malignant tumors of the upper aerodigestive tracts in the Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine; Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC) in Ile-Ife; Nigeria; over a 10-year period; formed the basis of this study. Analysis was done for differences in proportion using the Chi-square test (P is significant at 0.05) by SPSS version 15. Results: There were a total of 62 cases. The overall mean age was 50.7 years; while the age range was from 3 years to 90 years. The male to female ratio was 3.1:1. A majority of the patients (67.7) were older than 40 years. About 30.6; 27.4; and 16.1 of cases occurred in the larynx; nasopharynx; and nasal cavity; respectively; while 93.5 of the tumors were carcinomas. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histological variety. Nonepithelial tumors were not seen below the age of 20 years. Conclusion: This study shows that malignant upper aerodigestive tract tumors seen in our environment are mainly diseases of adulthood that tend to occur about seven to nine years earlier than in other populations. Squamous cell carcinoma is the predominant histological variety. Although the larynx is the most frequent anatomic site; the nasopharynx and nasal cavity are more commonly affected than the oral cavity unlike in other populations. Nonepithelial tumors are extremely rare below the age of 20 years


Subject(s)
Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/physiopathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Tertiary Healthcare
18.
Rev. ter. ocup ; 25(3): 255-263, set.-dez. 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-745516

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer de cabeça e pescoço tem elevada incidência e alta mortalidade e seu diagnóstico etratamento influenciam a vida ocupacional da pessoa adoecida e de seus familiares. OBJETIVO: conhecer a configuração dos papéis ocupacionais de pessoas com este tipo de câncer,submetidas a laringectomia total ou parcial. MÉTODO: Estudo quantitativo, exploratório e transversal, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética (Proc. nº 1102/2010). Foi utilizado o protocolo “Lista de Identificação dos Papéis Ocupacionais”, validada no Brasil; osdados quantitativos foram analisados pelo teste do Qui quadrado. Dados qualitativos complementares foram coletados por entrevista aberta e analisados pelo método de análise de conteúdo temático. CASUÍSTICA: Grupo de estudo com 30 pessoas atendidas pela Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço (CCP), sendo 15 da enfermaria, no pós-cirúrgico imediato, e 15 do Ambulatório, (no mínimo um ano após a cirurgia). Grupo-controle compostopor 30 pessoas sem diagnóstico de câncer. Foram selecionadas 3 do ambulatório (20% do grupo de estudo) para as entrevistas. RESULTADOS: Demonstrou-se que ocorreram mudanças ou perdas de papéis ocupacionais, principalmente do papel de trabalhador. CONCLUSÃO: As consequências psicossociais e ocupacionais do câncer de cabeça e pescoço devem ser consideradas e cuidadas para um melhor e mais eficaz tratamento prestado a essa população.


The head and neck cancer has a high incidence and high mortality and its diagnosis and treatment influence the occupational life of the diseased personand their family. OBJECTIVE: To know the configuration of the occupational roles of people with this type of cancer,undergoing total or partial laryngectomy. METHODS: A quantitative, exploratory cross-sectional study approved by the Ethics Committee (Proc. No. 1102/2010). We used the protocol “List of Identifi cation of Occupational Roles”, validated in Brazil; quantitative data were analyzed by chi-square test. Additionalqualitative data were collected through open interviews and analyzed by the method of content analysis. PATIENTS: Study group with 30 persons served by Head and Neck Surgery (CCP), with 15 ward in the immediate post-surgical, outpatient and 15, (at least one year after surgery). Control group consisting of 30 people without cancer. Were selected from the outpatient clinic3 (20% of the study group) for interviews. RESULTS: It wasdemonstrated that there were changes or loss of occupational roles, especially the role of worker. CONCLUSION: The psychosocial and occupational consequences of head and neck cancer should be considered and cared for better and more effective treatmentprovided to this population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/rehabilitation , Quality of Life/psychology , Interpersonal Relations , Occupational Therapy/psychology , Laryngectomy/psychology , Laryngectomy/rehabilitation , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Sickness Impact Profile
19.
Femina ; 42(6): 289-294, nov-dez. 2014. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-749150

ABSTRACT

O papilomavírus humano (HPV), uma das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis mais comuns no mundo, tem um papel estabelecido na patogênese de cânceres genitais, bem como no câncer anal. Essa infecção também foi implicada na oncogênese de outros cânceres, como os de cabeça e pescoço. Existem evidências do aumento de incidência dos cânceres de orofaringe associados à infecção pelo HPV. Além disso, parece haver melhor prognóstico desses cânceres associados ao HPV, comparados aos não associados. Por outro lado, existem também alusões na literatura à associação da infecção pelo HPV a outros tipos de cânceres, como os cânceres de esôfago, de bexiga, de pulmão e de mama. Essas informações têm aplicação potencial para eventuais programas de triagem em subgrupos de risco. Atualmente, a vacinação contra o HPV, aprovada para a prevenção do câncer do colo uterino, poderia ter papel potencial na prevenção de outros cânceres associados a essa infecção. Além disso, há interesse no desenvolvimento de tratamentos especificamente dirigidos ao subgrupo de cânceres associados ao HPV. Nesta revisão, foi discutido o possível papel da infecção pelo HPV em cânceres não anogenitais.(AU)


Human papillomavirus (HPV), one of the most common sexually infection transmitted worldwide, has an established role in the pathogenesis of genital and anal malignancies. The HPV has also been implicated in the oncogenesis of other cancers, including head and neck malignancies. There are evidences that the increase of oropharyngeal cancer?s incidence is associated with HPV infection. Besides, these cancers, which are associated to HPV, show improved outcomes compared of those not associated with HPV infection. On the other hand, there are also references regarding the association of HPV infection with other cancers, as the esophagus, bladder, lung and breast cancers. This information has potential implications for the eventual screening of high-risk groups. While HPV vaccination is currently approved for the prevention of cervical cancers, it also has potential in the prevention of all HPV-associated malignancies. Moreover, there is interest in designing treatments specifically for this HPV-positive subgroup. In this review, the role of HPV in non-anogenital cancers was discussed.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Comorbidity , Papillomavirus Infections/complications , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology , Papillomaviridae/pathogenicity , Risk Groups , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Databases, Bibliographic
20.
Indian J Cancer ; 2013 Oct-Dec; 50(4): 322-326
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-154297

ABSTRACT

Background: Patients with cancers in the head and region are at increased risk of developing synchronous primary cancers. Aim: To see the epidemiology of synchronous cancers of the head and region and identification of high-risk factors for the development of synchronous primary in the head and neck cancers. Materials and Methods: Data of head and neck cancer patients from January 2010 to December 2011 were obtained from the hospital cancer registry for retrospective analysis of patients with synchronous cancers. All synchronous malignancies were analyzed for distribution of sites, association with smoking history, stage of index head, and neck tumor and the average age of patients at presentation with synchronous cancers. The Chi-square test for association of upper aero digestive tract (UADT) and smoking and statistical formula of median for calculating the average age have been employed for analysis. Results: Incidence of synchronous primaries has been found to be 1.33%, majority were seen at the oropharynx (39.2%) and 60.7% synchronous occurred at the esophagus, 0.81% of all head and neck cancers developed synchronous primary at the esophagus. Approximately, 65% of all synchronous primaries were in Stage III and Stage IV disease and 88.2% esophageal synchronous had Stage II disease. Association of UADT synchronous cancers with smoking is highly significant, relative risk = 1.95 95% confidence interval for relative risk 1.05-3.64 P = 0.00010981 (P < 0.05) and the average age is 62.4 years in males and 57.8 years in females. Conclusion: Patients who are at the high-risk for the development of synchronous primary tumors in the cancers of the head and neck region are patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma, smoking population, patients over the age of 62 years in males, and 57 years in females and in patients with higher staged index tumor.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Laryngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/statistics & numerical data , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/epidemiology , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/statistics & numerical data , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors
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